This simple tutorial will give you an introduction to Terminal (command line) in Linux. This will help you if you are a newbie in Linux.With this you can start working(playing) with command line.
Terminal can be opened from accessories. I suggest you to use the shortcut Ctrl+Alt+T for opening a Terminal.
1.Remember that giving "sudo" infront of any command will let you do it in root mode (similar to run as admin. concept in Windows) . we will use this when ever we need to install some softwares or updates
sudo apt-get install update
sudo apt-get install name-of-any-sofware
The 1st command is used to update your Linux software. This update is similar to Windows update.2nd command is used to install any software directly from linux repository servers.
2. How to shutdown the PC after some time (auto shutdown). To do this in Windows PC you have to follow a long procedure. But in Linux you can do this by a simple command.
sudo shutdown +minutes
Here replace minutes with your desired time gap(in minutes only) after which you want to shut down the PC.
Run this command and see the magic. Thats the power of Terminal in Linux :)
3.want to open calender without touching mouse?.Then just type cal in Terminal . You will like it :)
4."cksum" is an interesting command to know whether a file has modified or not . type cksum, give a space and write file name. It will give you checksum and number of bytes.
5.Do you use Ctrl+f option to search (in any OS). This can be done by "fgrep" command
fgrep geeky file1.txt
This will search for the word geeky in the text document named as file1 and print the line which contains the word.
6.I want to create a new file. I have 2 options. Go to desktop right click. click on create new document.select empty document.
or simply I will type touch filename.ext
Here ext is the file extension
Ok.You have tried it. So remove the same file using rm filename.ext
7. Now here comes an interesting one.
_ _ _
__ _ ___ ___| | ___ _| |__ _ __ __ _(_)_ __ ___
/ _` |/ _ \/ _ \ |/ / | | | '_ \| '__/ _` | | '_ \/ __|
| (_| | __/ __/ <| |_| | |_) | | | (_| | | | | \__ \
\__, |\___|\___|_|\_\\__, |_.__/|_| \__,_|_|_| |_|___/
|___/ |___/
How is it looking? cool ...:) isn't is ?
To try this you give the command
figlet your-name
But the command line will say that you dont have figlet installed. so type
sudo apt-get install figlet
Now try again to see your name as above.
8. Some times you may forget your Linux version details. Then you can try this command
cat /proc/version
9. If you want to know which application is taking more memory and CPU you can try
top
It will give you a lot of details.
10.If any application is hanged then try
Killall application-name
