A commenter asks:
So are native Americans too some kind of “Ainu” because they look somewhat similar.
Not really, but they used to be 10-13,000 YBP. Then they slowly transitioned to a more Mongoloid type. There are a few. The ones down at the far south of South America near Tierra del Fuego have Australoid skulls, so racially they are Australoids. And there are some extinct tribes (but their descendants remain) in Baja California which were Australoid. The first Native Americans were definitely Australoid, but they transitioned over time. All of the Asiatics slowly transitioned over time Australoid -> Mongoloid. Mongoloid is a new race. It is not more than 9,000 years old.
Comparison of Amerindian races. An the far outlier, you can see the Yakut (Turkic) and Tundra Nentsi (Tungusic) of Siberia. Turkic and Tungusic are part of a very controversial group called Altaic, which most linguists reject. However, I think it is a real grouping.
Amerindians are really just Siberians. They mostly derive directly from the population around the Altai Mountains where Mongolia, Kazakhstan, China and Russia all come together. Their relatives are people like the Shor, the Altai, the Khakas, the Chulym, and I think the Tuvans. Also the Ket went into some more recent arrivals, the Na-Dene.
