Pumpkin Person wrote:
Robert, Sforza’s tree shows non-Africans splitting off of Africans.
And then Northern Eurasians splitting off Australoids (including southeast Asians & Pacific Islanders).
And then finally Mongoloids splitting off Caucasoids.
Now this is confusing because southeast Asians look Mongoloid yet are on the Australoid branch. You seem to think this is evidence of Australoid evolving into Mongoloids. More likely, Southeast Asians are just a hybrid of Mongoloids and Australoids just as Indians are a hybrid of Caucasoids and Australoids.
Pumpkin is confusing genes with skulls and phenotypes. The problem is that ancient Caucasoids look anything but Caucasoid, and ancient Northern Eurasians look anything but Northern Eurasians. Both ancient Caucasoids and ancient Northern Eurasians looked like Australoids or Paleomongoloids phenotypically.
It is important to note that phenotypically, all races are modern.
The Aborigines showed up 15,000 YBP. Much more archaic types are known before then, including some that look like Homo Erectus.
Even the Khoisan are only known from 12,000 YBP.
Modern Europeans do not show up until 11,000 YBP. Before that, Europeans genetically and phenotypically resemble Arabs.
The modern Negroid race does not show up until 6-12,000 YBP.
Modern Amerindians only show up 8,000 YBP. Before that, they look Australoid and then Australoid-Paleomongoloid transitional.
Polynesians and Micronesians only show up 3,000 YBP. Before that, no one lived there.
SE Asians are quite new and have only appeared in the last 5,000 years. Before that, they looked like Aborigines, Negritos, Veddoids or Melanesians (Australoids).
Modern Thais only show up 900 YBP. Before that, they were Paleomongoloids.
Modern South Indians only appear 8,000 YBP. Before that, they looked like Veddoids types or Aborigines (Australoids).
All skulls from Vietnam, Thailand and Malaysia from 2,500-25,000 YBP appear Australoid. They look like either Aborigines, Veddoids or Melanesians. Vietnamese anthropologists have studied Vietnamese skulls from 21,000 YBP to present, and the unmistakeable conclusion is that the originally Australoid Melanesian skulls slowly become more gracile and finally evolve into full Neomongoloid 2,300 YBP.
Those Northern Eurasians may have looked like Australoids.
One of the oldest Caucasoid skulls from 35,000 YBP in the Caucasus has been classed as Australoid.
At the archeological digs in Northern China, skulls prior to 9,000 YBP look like Aborigines (probably Ainuid Australoids). At 9,000 YBP, they transition into Mongoloids, maybe with Caucasoid input as Pumpkin suggests.
Pumpkin is talking about genes, and I am comparing skulls, so we are going to get different results. Anyway, ancient Caucasoids look anything but. 22,000 YBP Caucasoids from Central Europe look more like the Makah Indians of NW Washington State than anyone else. So Europeans at this time looked like Paleomongoloids.
