How to Get Your Carb Counts Right

Are you sure your daily carb count is accurate? It's the one thing you must get right - or your diet won't work - for obvious reasons.

And yet surprisingly many people get this wrong.

So how can you ensure your carbs count is correct? Here are our best tips on to how to count your carbs quickly and accurately.

Don't try to guess the carb values

We humans are notoriously bad at judging how much we eat. Studies show that we always underestimate it. We are hard-wired to do so by our biology.

But the survival mechanisms that worked for our distant ancestors don't apply in modern Western societies where food is abundant. So don't trust your mind to guess and remember all the carbs you eat. It will fail - and so will your diet.

Always look up the exact carb counts. Check the labels on packaged foods. For fresh whole foods, weigh them exactly and look up their nutritional values. Use an app, a food diary or just plain old pen and paper to record everything.

This sounds like a lot of work. But after several weeks, you will know the counts for all your favourite foods. Then you could relax the counting a bit - provided your diet is working. If you run into any problems with your diet, like a weight loss plateau or extreme fatigue, always go back to super-diligent checking of your intake of carbs.

Understanding net carbs vs total carbs

If you are on a ketogenic low-carb plan of 20-30g a day, every single gram matters. So net carbs vs total carbs distinction becomes important.

Some carbohydrates - mostly fibre and sugar alcohols (polyols) - are not digestible.

Although you are technically consuming carbs, your body doesn't absorb them. So there is no need to count them. Digestible carbs are referred to as "net carbs".

Depending on where you are in the world, you may need to subtract the fibre number from the total carbs to get the net carbs.

Regional differences on food labels

Food labelling laws vary by country. Carbohydrates information is presented differently in the USA and the rest of the world.

In the USA, food labels show the total number of grams of carbohydrates for each food. Fibre count is included within this total. It is also shown separately. Because fibre is not digestible, you can subtract it from the total carb count as follows:

IN THE USA: TOTAL CARBS - FIBRE = NET CARBS But this net carbs formula does not work for Europe, Australia and Oceania.

In those parts of the world, total carbohydrate numbers on packaging show digestible carbs only. The fibre count has already been excluded. If you use the American formula, you will subtract the fibre twice. Your net carbs count will be incorrect - lower than the real one.

If you are American, watch out for this issue when using recipes from cookbooks or websites in a different region.

It's fantastic that we can share recipes with each other across regional boundaries. Just remember to double-check your net carbs.

Where to look up carb counts

Google nutrition query

Did you know Google can give you nutritional summary for most whole foods?

Just google the name of the foods plus the term "carbohydrates" and you will get the answer, plus a panel with all the key nutritional data included.

Google uses USA model of total carbs including fibre. So if you need to get the net carbs figure, just subtract fibre from the total carbs.

USDA Food Database

You can access the official nutritional database from US Department of Agriculture online. It mostly includes whole foods, plus a few popular food brands.

Net carbs are not provided, so you will need to use the formula "Total Carbs - Fibre = Net Carbs" to calculate.

SELF Nutrition Data

This nutrition tracking website also uses USDA data, but the interface is a bit more user-friendly. It shows the amount of net carbs automatically.

Atkins Net Carbs Counter

This free PDF is very basic, but it covers most popular foods, listing amounts in servings.

If you prefer books, there are several great pocket guides to carbs: CalorieKing Counter or The Ultimate Carb Counter.

Use a food tracking app

The easiest way to track and count your carbs is to use an app.

Tracking apps come with an in-built food database, so you don't have to look up nutritional data separately. Just add everything you eat to your app diary. It will calculate your carbs and other macros for you.

MyFitnessPal is a great app that would be suitable for non-ketogenic low-carb diets. Unfortunately, it is not optimal for calculating net carbs. Although their database includes this field, their data is not always accurate. Entries from the USA and Europe are mixed together, which messes up the net carbs counts. So if you are on a ketogenic diet, it wouldn't be completely reliable.

FatSecret is another popular food diary app. It has different regional versions so is more accurate for counting net carbs.

You can also use a specialised app that was created with a low-carb diet in mind, such as KetoDietApp, CarbManager or Atkins Diet app (USA only).

Watch out for hidden carbs

Hidden carbs are cunning and often show up where you least expect them.

Any processed food
Almost all ready-made foods have added sugar or flour. This includes processed meat products like supermarket sausages and burgers. They are often stuffed with breadcrumbs and potato starch.

Ready-made condiments and sauces
Sauces like ketchup, Caesar dressing or vinaigrette usually contain sugar. We often discount these as negligible, but even a few teaspoons can mess up your carb count.

Meat marinades and rubs
Some meat and poultry come with a pre-made marinade, like BBQ sauce. You might think you are safe since you are just buying a chunk of meat. But it has been bathed in carbs!

High-carb nuts
Most nuts are low in carbs but there are several exceptions, for example, chestnuts, cashews and pistachios .

Shellfish
Fish, like most other animal proteins, is zero carb. Shellfish is not. Whelk (sea snail), mussels, oysters, scallops and squid all have a few carbs in them.

Offal meats
Offal meat like liver or kidneys is extremely nutritious, but it does contain a few carbs. Watch out for meat pates too, as they are often made from liver.

Medicines
Some over-the-counter remedies are loaded with sugar. Cough syrups and sore throat lozenges are basically sweets with a little bit of active ingredient added.

Polyols
Sugar alcohols (polyols) are popular sugar substitutes. Often, it is claimed that they are zero-carb. This is wrong - the only polyol that's almost zero-carb is erythritol. All other ones do include some digestible carbs, so they cannot be completely excluded from your counting. More about digestible carbs in polyols

Misleading sugar names
Sugar itself also likes to hide in plain sight, disguised under some scientific or fashionable name. Sugar is still sugar, under any name! See the list of misleading sugar names

Summary - how to count your carbs correctly

So to summarise:

• don't guess carb counts - always look them up
• watch out for regional differences in net carbs
• use a food tracking app or a food diary
• watch out for hidden carbs

Best of luck with your low-carb diet!

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