When you’re hiking in the wilderness, a reliable sense of direction is essential. However, if you think your trusty compass always points straight to the North Pole, you might be in for a surprise. Understanding the difference between True North and Magnetic North is crucial for accurate navigation, especially in unfamiliar terrain.
What’s the Difference?
True North: Also known as Geographic North, True North is a fixed point that corresponds with the North Pole. It’s the topmost point on our planet, where all longitude lines converge.
Magnetic North: When you hold out your compass, the needle points to Magnetic North, which is influenced by Earth’s magnetic field. Contrary to popular belief, Magnetic North isn’t a fixed point and shifts over time!
Why Does It Matter?
The difference between True North and Magnetic North, known as magnetic declination, can be a few degrees off or even more, depending on where you are on Earth. If you’re relying solely on your compass to find your way without adjusting for this declination, you could find yourself far from your intended destination.
Magnetic North on the Move
One of the most fascinating aspects of Magnetic North is its movement. It doesn’t stay in one place! Over the past century, Magnetic North has been on a steady trek, moving from the Canadian Arctic towards Russia at a rate of 10 kilometers per year. This is due to the molten iron within the Earth’s core, which moves and swirls, affecting the planet’s magnetic field.
How Can Hikers Adjust?
- Use Updated Maps: Make sure your maps are updated. Topographical maps will often have the local magnetic declination mentioned, which can guide you in adjusting your compass.
- Adjust Your Compass: Many modern compasses allow for declination adjustments. Before you set out on your hike or exploration, set the declination on your compass.
- Stay Updated: Since Magnetic North moves, the declination in an area can change over time. Regularly check for the most recent declination values before embarking on a new journey.
The Role of HiiKER
Modern navigation apps, like HiiKER, have become game-changers in this context. Here’s how:
- Inbuilt Compasses with Auto-Correction: HiiKER comes with an inbuilt digital compass that can automatically adjust for magnetic declination, ensuring you’re always heading in the right direction.
- GPS Integration: Leveraging satellite technology, HiiKER can pinpoint your exact location on a map, providing a real-time guide. This works hand-in-hand with the compass feature, ensuring alignment with True North.
- Offline Maps: HiiKER allows users to download maps for offline use for free. This ensures you have access to accurate trail data and the magnetic declination of the area even when you’re out of cellular range.
Pairing Digital and Traditional Tools
While HiiKER offers incredible precision and a slew of helpful features, it’s always recommended to carry a paper map and traditional compass. Not only does this serve as a backup, but it also hones fundamental navigation skills.
Nature is ever-changing and ever-surprising, and our Earth’s magnetism is no exception. As hikers, being aware of the nuances of our planet ensures not just a successful trip, but a safe one. So, the next time you’re charting your course in the great outdoors, remember the difference between True North and Magnetic North.
