Twenty-five essays collected together with a generous helping of quotes from other well-known women, with the particular slant that the essays are all written by women under thirty. It's an overview of the issues and concerns that continue to motivate activism in the 21 st century, as well as an attempt at rehabilitating the word 'feminism' from some of the old perjorative connotations of the past. The essays are brief, a few pages each, and they cover a wide variety of topics and perspectives. It's a fascinating collection, provocative, thoughtful, sometimes funny.
But there are buts. Not one woman writing has a child, although motherhood remains the last great bastion of identity straitjacketing. All are women who have enjoyed early success and made something of their lives - they speak from a position of earned privilege. I found myself appreciating most the essays from a Nigerian woman who had grown up in a traditional and oppressive religion, a woman who worked in a centre for the victims of acid attacks and a female human rights lawyer. A large number of the other essays spoke about behavioural issues - from the difficulty of making the decision to change gender, and the resistance and prejudice one might consequently face, to the irritating tendency of men to hog the armrest in seats on the London tube (exert your right to space, ladies!). Several rightly evoked the appalling reputation of the media - tabloids, magazines, advertising, mostly - for reinforcing stereotypes. But most of these essays left me thinking that whilst Western women have removed the majority of physical constraints on their choices, the real battle remains with the mental chains we so easily place on our own thinking.
I was taught that feminism was about two things. It was about equal access to power - economic, political, social - and the freedom to be oneself, resisting the old insistence that Woman should be helpmate, carer, nurse, selfless angel. It was about creating a structure that offered equal opportunities within which we could all be individual and different. Where we seem to end up now is micromanagement of the behaviour of others, which is highly problematic.
Let's look at the case for the opposition first. Laura Bates, author of Everyday Sexism writes 'As feminists we are used to being told what we 'should' focus on, or scolded for 'making a fuss' about particular topics. Talking about rape or domestic violence is acceptable, but mention street harrassment and you're 'getting upset about nothing' [...]There is no reason why we shouldn't tackle every manifestation of gender inequality, no matter how apparently 'minor'.
Absolutely! A society free from all discrimination would be a utopia indeed. But there's a danger that the woman who is harrassed on the street might be led to believe that her plight is equal to the woman who has been half beaten to death by the husband who controls her cash flow. And that wouldn't be right, would it? Don't we still need to maintain a sense of perspective? I don't think that equality means that all crimes committed against women are equal.
There's a very well-written essay about how important words are and how right it is to police them. One of the examples cited is scientist Tim Hunt's foolish comments - poor attempts at a joke - about women in his laboratories, which provoked a twitter storm, viral humiliation, and some consequences for the man's career. The writer is convinced that this was the correct outcome. Yet I say, where was the woman whose courage, generosity and sense of fair play made her stand up at the end of the speech and say: 'Could you please redefine your position on this issue, because I think what you said may be open to some serious misunderstanding.' There could have been a proper debate on the spot; it would have been a fabulous example of grace and diplomacy and the exercise of women's right to speak up for themselves. Why does it feel to me that the thrill of self-righteous indignation held sway here instead? Words are indeed terrifically important, and I would rather use them to educate than crucify. Women have a power of intervention unparalleled in their history. Is twitter shaming the best we can do with it?
We may often regret our male colleagues' thoughtless, sexist and downright stupid comments. We may well wish that their behaviour would be more respectful and courteous. But if we want to improve social behaviour, we all have to sign up to the same charter. That's equality. So if women want the right to be outspoken, to be 'unruly', to speak our minds and shout down or shame the other, then it has to be okay for men to do the same things. If, as one writer in this book says 'Women whose behaviour is repulsive and selfish entrance me. They seem far more alive and aware and unapologetic than most would ever dare to be', then we must accept that men might be entranced by their repulsive and selfish behaviour, and feel more alive for it, too.
This is the problem with all issues surrounding behaviour and identity. We all want people to behave better, and the chances are overwhelming that we will never be able to make them. We use the law against acts of violence and crime. But in the lower reaches of human behaviour, it's hard to 'make' people give up their worse natures. Where did all that PC battling get us? The recognition that it's unacceptable for people to express ugly predjudice in public places. Excellent! And then we created the internet whose main purpose can seem to be to provide a safe space for all that prejudice to be resurrected under the blissful cover of anonymity. Human nature is aggressive and judgemental. People will find a way to judge.
Believe me, I know how awful it is to be on the receiving end of sexist belittling. When I was nine or ten, the teacher who taught me every day, for every subject, was a man called Mr Wickenden. He regularly said unpleasant things about me in class - I remember him laughing with the other boys and saying I didn't care about people, I only cared about money and clothes. I was quick-witted as a child, which didn't go down well in the 70s. Once, doing some maths (my weakness) I struggled to understand the equation on the board; he humiliated me in front of the class until I was in tears (and I did not cry easily). He never treated any of the boys this way; I felt his persecution and it undoubtedly added to my belief that if I wanted to get away with being clever and well-spoken and tidy and good, I would need to make myself invisible.
For many years, this sort of behaviour struck me as completely unacceptable, as something we should legislate against, yes, why not! But as I have grown older, I have changed my mind. What I needed to learn to do was to look Mr Wickenden in the eye and think: you are so completely irrelevant to my sense of self. We are animals underneath it all; we know fear and vulnerability instinctively. What I needed to do was grow up, grow stronger, learn to protect myself without recourse to aggression, practice integrity. In some ways the issue was a sexist one, but in all the ways that mattered, I have come to understand it was developmental. And Mr Wickenden to one side, the worst, most insidious bullies I've come across have been female. I needed a strategy to deal with them, too. Thinking the world shouldn't be cruel, that I shouldn't have to fight for my right to be different, that I must be able always to do things my way without encountering resistence, even if it horrifies the ideology of the tribe, has actually held back my own growth.
I think that one of the best acts of feminism we can do on an everyday basis is support the women we know. Do something whenever possible to make their lives a little better, a little easier, a little richer. I think we need to expend our best energy on the real victims of the world - those caught up in war, famine, violence, plague and tyranny - and to keep a weather eye on the lesser crimes and make sure we don't commit them too, in the name of retaliation. And when a first world, non-violent man makes a sexist comment, we might just raise our eyebrows and find him ridiculous; why on earth would we assign such behaviour more power than it truly has?
