Smog is
a type of air pollutant. The word "smog" was made as a portmanteau of
the words ‘smoke and fog’ to refer to smoky fog. About a century ago it was
known as pea soup fog, a familiar and serious problem in London from the 19th
century to the mid 20th century, caused by the burning of large amounts of coal
within the city; this smog contains soot particulates from smoke, sulfur
dioxide and other components. Modern smog is a type of air pollution derived
from vehicular emission from internal combustion engines and industrial fumes
that react in the atmosphere with sunlight to form secondary pollutants that
also combine with the primary emissions to form photochemical smog.
Winter
is back in Poland, accompanied by smog—and renewed concern about its impact on
people’s health. Poland has some of the worst air quality in Europe, with 33 of
the continent’s 50 most polluted cities, according to a World Health
Organization (WHO) report last year. This is highlighted by the European Air
Quality Index launched in November by the European Environment Agency (EEA) and
the European Commission, a map that enables users to find out whether the air
they are breathing is safe in real time. The situation is worst in southern
Poland, where towns frequently fall into the index’s “very poor” category for
high levels of particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10, two key pollutants. The main
culprit: the coal used to heat people’s houses.
Down under in ‘Ashes’
– it has been a heated couple of weeks
between Australia and England in the Ashes series, but Cricket Australia (CA)
chief executive James Sutherland is unfazed by the ill temper between the two
teams. After a first day in Adelaide during which Australia captain Steve Smith
repeatedly clashed with England fast bowlers Stuart Broad James Anderson,
Sutherland suggested the interactions were "a little bit of what I would
call banter". "I don't know the specific details but I noticed
[umpire] Aleem Dar was right in the middle of it at times, and he didn't make
any reports or anything like that," Sutherland told Grandstand.
It is a different
ball game literally – a shinier, stronger pink ball with expectations of more swing
though has not contributed much thus far.
A new thread has been used for
the black seam which is more coarse than the one used in last year’s day-night
Test against South Africa. The ball has also been polished to a higher sheen
which is expected to last longer and aid visibility under the night lights.
At Adelaide, in a
day-night encounter, Shaun Marsh was the hero for Australia after his fighting
hundred put the home team on top. Tim Paine added a crucial 57 while some late
hitting from Pat Cummins 44 allowed skipper Steve Smith to declare at 8/442. England
were almost immediately on the back foot when Mitchell Starc caught Mark
Stoneman lbw for 18 before the rain arrived. England will resume the second
Ashes Test in at 1-29 on Monday after rain forced an early end to day two. The only wicket to fall Mark Stoneham LBW to Starc for 18 and challenged
the decision but the DRS verdict was that the ball was taking leg stump and he
was on his way.
Back home, in Feroz
shah Kotla, Virat Kohli brought up his sixth double-hundred and carried on to
post his highest Test score, but perhaps
he could not time the declaration to his liking. Sri Lanka's fielders came out wearing face
masks after lunch, and there were multiple hold-ups in play thereafter as they
conveyed to the umpires the difficulty they were having in smoggy conditions. It
was in someways a forced declaration as Sri Lanka claimed that they ran out of players healthy enough to field in the
polluted Delhi air on day two of the Test. There were two stoppages - 17
minutes and five minutes - before the eventual declaration even as Sri Lanka
trainer Nick Lee changed into his whites to step in as the 11th player on the field. The fielding coach Manoj
Abeywickrama was also prepared to take the field.
In the post-lunch
session, at least five of their fielders came out wearing masks. At 12.32pm,
fast bowler Lahiru Gamage expressed concerns to his team, the physio walked out
and looked after him, which caused a 17-minute delay. One more stoppage later,
the other fast bowler Suranga Lakmal just walked off, leaving only 10 Sri Lanka
players on the field. At 1.28pm, Virat Kohli, the India captain who fell for
243 during this stop-start period, called his unbeaten batsmen back in, positively
suggesting they were okay to field in
these conditions and breaking the impasse.
During the interruptions, the match referee
David Boon was seen talking to a doctor, who had a stethoscope around his neck,
presumably for advice on how big a health hazard the current pollution was.
Animated discussions between players and the match officials took place during
these interruptions. At one point, India coach Ravi Shastri walked out to the
middle. Nic Pothas, the Sri Lanka coach, was also seen talking to the umpires.
When Sri Lanka began their innings, it was
their offspinning allrounder Dilruwan Perera - rather than Sadeera Samaraweera,
who has been off the field since being struck on the helmet at short leg on day
one - who walked out to open alongside Dimuth Karunaratne. At stumps on day 2, Lankans 131/3* were trailing India by 405
runs.
With regards – S.
Sampathkumar
3rd Dec 2017.