Arizona Amphibian Conservation Status
Jill, One-Eyed Rocky Mountain Toad
Amphibians are faced with insurmountable threats worldwide. Habitat loss, invasions, toxic pollution, and disease have placed them near the top of global conservation concerns. Arizona amphibians and other desert amphibians, are most threatened by habitat loss. The growing human population is using water so fast that springs and streams are drying up. Arizona State Game and Fish Department, reports that 58% of natives are vulnerable (State Status S1-S3), and 74% of natives are of possible long-term concern (State Status S1-S4). Several species are protected or are being considered for protection according to the rules of the U. S. Endangered Species Act.
Amphibian Numbers
-
Colorado River Toad at Coldwater Farm
- Earth: 6400
- US: 230
- Arizona Total: 35
- Arizona Natives: 31
- Arizona Vulnerable (Ranked S1-S3): 18 (58%)
- Arizona Possible Long-Term Concern (Ranked S1-S4): 23 (74%)
Conservation Status Symbol Definitions
Symbols Applied by Arizona Game and Fish Department (AZGFD)
- S1 Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare or some factor(s) is making the species especially vulnerable to extirpation. Typically 5 or fewer locations or very few remaining individuals (<1,000).
- S2 Imperiled: Rare or some factor(s) is making the species very vulnerable to extirpation. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000).
- S3 Vulnerable: Rare or found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or because of other factors making it vulnerable to extirpation. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals.
- S4 Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Usually more than 100 occurrences* and more than 10,000 individuals. Possible long-term concern.
- S5 Secure: Common, widespread, and abundant. Safe under present conditions. Typically with considerably more than 100 locations and more than 10,000 individuals.
- SX Presumed Extinct: Not located despite intensive searches of historical sites and other appropriate habitat, and virtually no likelihood that it will be rediscovered.
- S#S# (e.g., S3S4): Indicates the range of uncertainty about exact status.
- SE=Exotic Origin: Species is not native to AZ.
Symbols Used for the Endangered Species Act (ESA)
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)
- LE Listed Endangered: Imminent jeopardy of extinction.
- LT Listed Threatened: Imminent jeopardy of becoming Endangered.
- PS Partial Status: Listed Endangered or Threatened, but not in entire range.
- SAT Listed Threatened due to Similarity of Appearance. This happens when a member of a non-listed population is found within the geographic area of a Distinct Population Segment for a listed species (e.g., a wintering bald eagle within the DPS for listed bald eagles).
- C Candidate: Species for which the USFWS has on file sufficient information on biological vulnerability and threats to support proposals to list as Endangered or Threatened under ESA. Proposed rules for these species is precluded at present by other higher priority listing actions.
- SC Species of Concern: The terms “Species of Concern” or “Species at Risk” should be considered as terms-of-art that describe the entire realm of taxa whose conservation status may be of concern to the US Fish and Wildlife Service, but neither term has official status (currently includes all former C2 and delisted species).
Arizona Amphibian Species List
COMMON NAME
AZ
ESA
African Clawed Frog
SE1
American Bullfrog
SE5
Arizona Tiger Salamander
S5
Arizona Toad
S3S4
SC
Arizona Treefrog
S4
C,DPS
Arizona Treefrog (Huachuca/Canelo DPS)
S1
C,DPS
Baja California Treefrog
S3,SE
Barking Frog
S2
Boreal Chorus Frog
S5
Canyon Treefrog
S5
Chiricahua Leopard Frog
S2
LT
Couch’s Spadefoot
S5
Great Basin Spadefoot
S3
Great Plains Toad
S5
Green Toad
S3
Lowland Burrowing Treefrog
S2
Lowland Leopard Frog
S3
SC
Mexican Spadefoot
S5
Mogollon Rim Treefrog
S4
Northern Leopard Frog
S2
Plains Leopard Frog
S1
Plains Spadefoot
S4
Red-spotted Toad
S5
Relict Leopard Frog
S1
C
Rio Grande Leopard Frog
SE3SE4
Rocky Mountain Toad
S4
Sonoran Desert Toad
S3S4
Sonoran Green Toad
S3
Sonoran Tiger Salamander
S1
LE
Southwestern Woodhouse’s Toad
S4
Tarahumara Frog
SXS1
SC
Western Barking Frog
S2
Western Green Toad
S3
Western Narrow-mouthed Toad
S3
Woodhouse’s Toad
S5
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