Antifreeze, Cheap Materials May Lead to Low-Cost Solar Energy

A process combining some comparatively cheap materials and the same antifreeze that keeps an automobile radiator from freezing in cold weather may be the key to making solar cells that cost less and avoid toxic compounds, while further expanding the use of solar energy.
Abstract of the article:
Copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) nanoparticles were synthesized using ethylene glycol as a solvent via a
continuous flow mesofluidic reactor. In this study reaction temperature, residence time, and precursor concentrations were used to control CZTS composition. It was found that CZTS initially forms by the nucleation of Cu2−xS with subsequent incorporation of the remaining metal species as dictated by the cation reactivity, where Cu+>Sn+4>Zn+2. CZTS nanoparticle films annealed in a selenium-containing atmosphere resulted in the formation of copper zinc tin selenide nanoparticles with much larger particle sizes.
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