With its 9 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, surreal deserts, and lush highlands, there are many incredible places to visit in Ethiopia.
This remarkable country offers a rare mix of ancient history, striking landscapes, and diverse cultures that few other places can match.
I’ve been to Ethiopia twice and have put together this guide to the country’s top spots.
Whether you’re here for the rock-hewn churches of Lalibela or the epic landscapes of the Simien Mountains, I hope this guide sparks your inspiration for an unforgettable Ethiopian adventure.
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Table of Contents
Toggle- 1. Addis Ababa
- 2. Lalibela
- 3. Simien Mountains National Park
- 4. Danakil Depression
- 5. Bale Mountains National Park
- 6. Omo Valley
- 7. Axum
- 8. Harar
- 9. Gondar
- 10. Gheralta Mountains
- 11. Lake Tana and the Monasteries
- 12. Arba Minch
- 13. Mekelle
- 14. Awash National Park
- 15. Langano Lake
- FAQs
- What’s the best time to visit Ethiopia?
- Do I need a visa to visit Ethiopia?
- How safe is Ethiopia for tourists?
- What should I wear when visiting Ethiopia?
- Is Ethiopia suitable for solo travellers?
- Final Thoughts
1. Addis Ababa
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia’s lively capital, is the perfect starting point for your journey. As the diplomatic hub of Africa, it offers a dynamic mix of history and modernity that makes it an ideal introduction to the country.
Begin at the National Museum, home to ‘Lucy,’ a 3.2-million-year-old hominid fossil that offers a fascinating glimpse into human origins.
Next, visit the Holy Trinity Cathedral, an impressive church that’s an essential part of Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity.
Addis Ababa is also famous for the Mercato, one of Africa’s largest open-air markets. Its sprawling maze of stalls selling spices, textiles, and handmade crafts can be overwhelming but incredibly rewarding to explore.
Exploring with a local guide can add depth to your experience, helping you uncover some of the city’s hidden gems.
I’ve personally stayed at the Hilton Addis Ababa and would recommend it as a decent mid-range option. If you’re looking for something fancier, the Sheraton Addis is one of the best hotels in the city.
2. Lalibela
Lalibela is one of Ethiopia’s most famous and extraordinary destinations. It’s home to 11 medieval rock-hewn churches carved directly into the mountains during the Zagwe dynasty.
Known as a “New Jerusalem” and a UNESCO World Heritage site, Lalibela is a place where history, spirituality, and architecture come together.
The iconic Bete Giyorgis, shaped like a cross, is the most famous of these monolithic churches. There’s an incredible atmosphere here, it’s a place that really does live up to the hype.
A labyrinth of tunnels and passageways connects the churches.
I remember being totally in awe the first time I visited this place. So much so that I made a point of returning the second time I went to Ethiopia.
Visit in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid the crowds and fully appreciate the tranquillity of the site. It’s one of the most incredible places I’ve ever visited.
Crowds of pilgrims mill around. The sound of chanting and the smell of incense fills the air. It feels magical, like another world.
Lalibela is especially lively during Timkat, a major Ethiopian Orthodox celebration in January (typically on the 19th, or 20th in leap years), which commemorates the baptism of Jesus.
Allow at least a day to explore the churches thoroughly. For a more immersive experience, consider hiring a guide who can share stories about the history and significance of the site.
3. Simien Mountains National Park
The Simien Mountains National Park is one of Ethiopia’s most breathtaking natural wonders. It’s also one of Africa’s highest mountain ranges, with altitudes reaching over 4,500 metres.
With jagged peaks, deep valleys, and vast plateaus, this UNESCO site offers some of the most dramatic landscapes on the continent.
The park is a paradise for hikers and nature lovers. Trails wind through highlands and ridges, providing incredible views and opportunities to see rare wildlife.
The park is home to large troops of gelada monkeys, which are often spotted along the trails, as well as the rare Walia ibex.
For the best experience, visit between October and April, when the weather is cooler and drier—ideal for hiking.
Whether you’re up for a day trek or a multi-day adventure, I’d recommend hiring a local guide to help you navigate the routes and spot wildlife.
4. Danakil Depression
The Danakil Depression is one of the most otherworldly, extreme, and fascinating places on Earth.
Situated at one of the planet’s lowest points, this vast desert landscape is filled with bubbling volcanic craters, vast salt flats, and sulphur springs, creating a surreal, almost alien atmosphere.
Erta Ale, an active shield volcano with one of the world’s few persistent lava lakes, is a highlight of the Danakil. Watching the glowing lava at night is unforgettable, though caution is needed due to volcanic activity and extreme heat.
Dallol, with its vibrant sulphur springs, adds splashes of yellow, green, and orange to the ground, giving it an almost psychedelic appearance.
Temperatures in the Danakil often soar above 50°C, making it one of the hottest inhabited places on Earth. Visit between October and March for (relatively) cooler conditions.
This is a harsh environment, and guided tours are essential for navigating the extreme landscape safely.
5. Bale Mountains National Park
Bale Mountains National Park is a sanctuary for Ethiopia’s unique wildlife and diverse ecosystems. From alpine peaks to lush forests, this park is a must-visit.
The park’s Harenna Forest, one of Ethiopia’s largest and most pristine forests, is teeming with life.
Here, you might spot the rare Ethiopian wolf, which roams the Sanetti Plateau – a vast, high-altitude area offering stunning views and incredible birdwatching opportunities.
Staying in a nearby eco-lodge enhances the experience, allowing you to explore the park’s beauty at your own pace.
With its varied landscapes and rich biodiversity, Bale Mountains National Park offers a tranquil escape into nature, showcasing a different side of Ethiopia beyond its famous historical sites.
It’s the perfect place to unwind, hike, and immerse yourself in the natural wonders of this incredible region.
6. Omo Valley
The Omo Valley is one of Ethiopia’s most culturally diverse regions, home to more than 16 distinct ethnic groups, each with unique traditions, languages, and ways of life.
Among the valley’s communities, the Hamar, Mursi, and Karo tribes are especially well known. The Mursi are famous for their iconic lip plates, while the Hamar people’s intricate hairstyles and body adornments reflect their heritage.
Travelling with a knowledgeable guide is essential. They can help you navigate the valley and facilitate respectful interactions, as these communities hold strong cultural values.
Spending a few days here allows you to truly experience the diversity of the Omo Valley. You’ll witness different communities’ daily rhythms and gain insight into Ethiopia’s living traditions.
Exploring the Omo Valley is both educational and immersive, offering a unique glimpse into Ethiopia’s rich cultural tapestry.
7. Axum
Axum, Ethiopia’s oldest city, is a place of legend and historical significance. Known as the heart of ancient Ethiopian civilisation, it’s a must-visit for anyone interested in the country’s storied past.
The Chapel of the Tablet, which Ethiopian Orthodox Christians believe houses the Ark of the Covenant, is one of Axum’s most revered sites.
The Obelisk of Axum, a towering stone monument, showcases the impressive engineering skills of ancient Ethiopians.
You can also explore the ruins thought to be the Queen of Sheba’s palace (though the exact historical origins are debated).
Visiting in the morning offers cooler temperatures and fewer crowds.
8. Harar
Harar is one of my favourite cities in Ethiopia. Located in the east of the country, it has a totally different atmosphere to the rest of the country.
This is largely due to the Middle Eastern and Islamic influences that have shaped the city and its culture over hundreds of years.
Known as the ‘City of Saints,’ Harar is an ancient walled city with over 80 mosques, some of which date back centuries.
It’s a unique blend of African and Islamic cultures, reflecting its deep spiritual and historical roots.
Stroll through Harar Jugol, the city’s old town, and you’ll find colourful alleyways, bustling markets, and centuries-old architecture. The city’s warm community spirit makes it a welcoming place to explore.
One of Harar’s most famous traditions is the nightly hyena feeding. Every night a local “hyena man” brings a basket of meat to the city gates and hand-feeds wild hyenas.
Traditionally, this was done to stop the hyenas from venturing into the city at night. Today, if you give the guy a few dollars, he’ll give you some meat and a short stick, so you can join in this surreal experience.
Please don’t bite my head off…
I remember being more than a little unnerved, standing there while a group of 100% wild (and scary-looking) hyenas loomed out of the darkness to claim their meal. It’s unlike anything else – very cool.
9. Gondar
Gondar, known as the “Camelot of Africa,” is famous for its castles, churches, and royal history. This city was once the seat of Ethiopian emperors, and its architecture offers a glimpse into the country’s regal past.
The main attraction is Fasil Ghebbis. Exploring its stone towers feels like stepping back in time.
Nearby, Debre Berhan Selassie Church is known for its stunning murals, including a ceiling painted with cherubic faces.
In January, the city hosts the Timkat festival, a major Ethiopian Orthodox celebration.
10. Gheralta Mountains
The Gheralta Mountains are a hidden gem in Ethiopia. Known for dramatic sandstone cliffs and ancient rock-cut churches, this area attracts adventurous travellers.
Abuna Yemata Guh, a church carved into a cliff, is one of the area’s highlights.
Reaching it involves a challenging hike and some scrambling, but the views and the church’s stunning setting make the effort well worth it.
Just bear in mind that there are a few big drops – you need a decent head for heights.
To avoid the heat, start your hike early. Hiring a guide is recommended for safety.
11. Lake Tana and the Monasteries
Lake Tana, Ethiopia’s largest lake, is not only beautiful but also culturally rich.
It’s dotted with island monasteries, many of which hold ancient manuscripts, paintings, and treasures of Ethiopian Christianity.
A boat tour is the best way to explore Lake Tana’s monasteries. Ura Kidane Mehret is one of the most famous, with colourful frescoes and a peaceful atmosphere.
Visiting in the early morning allows you to enjoy the tranquillity, avoid crowds, and capture the monasteries in the beautiful morning light.
12. Arba Minch
Arba Minch, known for its two Rift Valley lakes, is a gateway to the Nechisar National Park. It’s a picturesque area and a great place to experience Ethiopia’s natural diversity.
A boat tour on Lake Chamo is a highlight, where you can spot hippos, crocodiles, and diverse birdlife.
The surrounding Nechisar National Park offers savannah landscapes, with opportunities for wildlife spotting and beautiful views over the lakes.
The dry season, from September to May, is the best time to visit Arba Minch for safaris and wildlife sightings.
Staying at one of the nearby eco-lodges really enhances the experience, allowing you to fully appreciate the peaceful surroundings. I can personally recommend Paradise Lodge.
13. Mekelle
The northern city of Mekelle offers a mix of local charm and adventure.
A focal point in recent regional conflicts, the city is currently safe to visit, although be sure to check up-to-date government travel advice before heading there.
The Tigray War Museum provides some sobering insights into Ethiopia’s recent history.
Mekelle’s local markets are lively and filled with handicrafts and spices, giving a taste of local life in Tirgay.
As the main starting point for tours to the Danakil Depression, Mekelle is well-equipped for travellers. Plan at least a night here to organise permits and join a guided tour.
14. Awash National Park
Awash National Park, Ethiopia’s oldest national park, is a beautiful blend of savannah, waterfalls, and wildlife.
The Awash River Falls are a must-see, and the surrounding savannah is home to oryx, gazelles, and baboons.
The dry season is the best time to visit for clearer trails and easier wildlife spotting. Staying in or near the park allows for early morning and late afternoon exploration, which are the best times for viewing animals.
15. Langano Lake
Langano Lake is one of Ethiopia’s few lakes generally considered safe for swimming, largely due to the absence of bilharzia, which is common in other lakes.
With its sandy shores, it’s a relaxing spot after trekking through Ethiopia’s rugged landscapes, though water clarity can vary seasonally.
The lake offers various water activities like kayaking, swimming, and birdwatching. Several eco-lodges around Langano provide comfortable accommodation, allowing you to unwind in a peaceful, natural setting.
Weekdays are the best time to visit if you’re looking for a quieter experience. The lake can get busier on weekends as it’s a favourite getaway for locals.
Langano Lake is perfect for a laid-back escape, combining outdoor activities with a touch of comfort in Ethiopia’s beautiful Rift Valley.
FAQs
What’s the best time to visit Ethiopia?
The best time to visit Ethiopia is during the dry season, from October to April. During this period, the weather is generally milder, which is ideal for exploring highland and desert areas comfortably.
Do I need a visa to visit Ethiopia?
Most travellers need a visa to visit Ethiopia, which can be obtained easily online through the Ethiopian government’s e-visa system. Check your nationality’s specific requirements to ensure smooth entry.
How safe is Ethiopia for tourists?
Ethiopia is generally safe for tourists, though certain regions have travel advisories from time to time. Always check the latest government advice and consider a guide for added safety, especially in remote areas.
What should I wear when visiting Ethiopia?
Ethiopia has conservative dress norms, so wearing modest clothing is advisable. This is especially important around religious sites and in rural areas to show respect for local customs.
Is Ethiopia suitable for solo travellers?
Yes, Ethiopia is suitable for solo travellers, particularly in popular destinations like Addis Ababa, Lalibela, and the Simien Mountains. However, remote areas are best visited with a guide for safety and convenience.
Final Thoughts
Ethiopia is a destination that offers a mix of ancient history, stunning landscapes, and diverse cultures. From the rock-hewn churches of Lalibela to the surreal landscapes of the Danakil Depression, it’s a destination like no other.
Whether you’re drawn to the historic sites, the wildlife, or the vibrant communities, Ethiopia is an adventurous and deeply rewarding country to visit.
Check out some of my other posts on Ethiopia and let me help you plan an unforgettable trip!
