The Internet of Things, or IoT, has completely changed our daily lives, jobs, and routines. Our dreams have come true since we may now wake up in a house where the music and lighting are automatically adjusted to suit our emotions and tastes. We adjust the temperature in our car and tune the GPS to our daily routine, which helps us choose the optimal route to avoid traffic as soon as we step outside.
But with such convenience also comes the urgent need for strong IoT security. If security measures are in place, though, driving around the city becomes easy, and you can save petrol, find parking, and have a safe drive. Without these security measures, the possible dangers associated with IoT—like unapproved access to private information or system hacking—become grave realities.
Unnoticed Connections
This convenience hides a sophisticated web of undetectable connections beneath its surface, any of which might be a point of entry for cyberattacks. IoT provides connected smart services, but we still need to be on guard against the possibility of system or personal data hacking.
We expect tremendous progress in IoT security to address this challenge. These include stronger authentication procedures that guarantee that only authorised users can access the system; better network monitoring that enables quicker identification and response to potential threats; and greater data encryption, making it more difficult for hackers to access critical information.
To protect our networked society, we will investigate emerging trends and projections in IoT security. We’ll discuss ways to protect our digital future while taking advantage of the Internet of Things advantages, such as blockchain fortifications, AI-driven fortifications, and the increasing significance of regulatory measures.
You have a critical, if not vital, role to play in determining the future of IoT security as a specialist in cybersecurity and technology. The secret to a safe and prosperous IoT ecosystem is your knowledge and commitment.
IoT Development Statistics
The quantity of gadgets linked to the Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly increasing. In 2023, there were 16 billion, up from 12 billion in 2021. And there are no indications that this tendency will stop. According to IoT Analytics, there will be over 27 billion IoT devices in operation by 2025. This exponential rise emphasises how urgently strong IoT security is needed.
Beyond the numbers, this growth has a financial impact. IoT connections will increase from 19.5 billion in 2025 to 40.1 billion by 2030, a 16 percent compound annual growth rate. Revenue from IoT connections is expected to almost double, rising at a rate of 14% per year from $21.4 billion in 2025 to over $40 billion by 2030.
With the emergence of the linked future, cybersecurity has grown in importance. Cyber threats are more likely to occur when more gadgets are directly connected to the 5G network.
In the ever-expanding IoT ecosystem, robust security measures are required to protect the confidentiality and integrity of data. In the next ten years, specialists will surely focus more on the security of these connections to ensure that we fully reap the benefits of IoT without compromising safety and trust.
Related: Top 10 Ways to Find the Best IOT Platform 2023
The Top 10 Upcoming IoT Security Trends
#1: Device Authentication
The basis for IoT device authentication is access control. Users of IoT devices that have access to it can also view sensitive data that you share on the network.
Making sure that only authorised devices connect to your system is ensured via IoT device authentication. Cryptographic keys, secure digital certificates, facial recognition, and biometric authentication are examples of common authentication techniques.
#2: Data Encryption
To avoid manipulation and eavesdropping, data sent between IoT devices and backend systems must be encrypted. TLS/SSL protocols, for example, secure communications and protect private data.
Among the most popular asymmetric encryption methods are DSA, ECC, and RSA. RSA is a widely used alternative for safeguarding communications, key exchange protocols, and digital signatures. ECC is effective and perfect for scenarios when resources are limited, such as IoT and mobile devices.
#3: Update Your Firmware and Secure Boot
Only approved and signed firmware updates should be installed on devices thanks to built-in processes. Secure boot prevents the device from booting when any unauthorised changes, such as the installation of malware or harmful code, are detected. In addition to preventing tampering and unauthorised access, this preserves the integrity of the device for its whole life.
#4: Controlling Access and Authorisation
Authentication is used to identify a device, and authorisation is used to provide permissions. IoT device connections are secured by access controls and authentication, which also protect private data from hackers and unauthorised users.
IoT device utilisation, including who can access and control them, is restricted by role-based access management. By doing this, overall security is increased and the likelihood of unauthorised actions is decreased.
#5: Network Security
The policies and practices to protect the network infrastructure and connected devices are referred to as network security. Its objective is to protect IoT networks and devices from unauthorised access, data breaches, and cyberattacks.
Continuous and secure communication can be maintained by shielding the Internet of Things network from external threats and attacks via systems for the detection and prevention of intrusions, firewalls, and intrusion prevention systems.
Related: The Latest Network Security Threats: Safeguarding Your Digital Landscape
#6: Device Management and Lifecycle Security
IoT device management includes ideation, design, manufacturing, shipping, installation, and decommissioning. To guarantee that the devices constantly function properly and securely, IT managers need to oversee each step of the process.
Throughout a device’s lifecycle, proper provisioning and de-provisioning processes are essential to preserving security. To avoid possible security vulnerabilities, this involves safely decommissioning devices.
#7: Physical Security
It’s critical to protect IoT devices against theft or physical manipulation. Physical security can be improved and unwanted access can be avoided with the use of techniques like tamper-evident seals or inclosures.
For safeguarding IoT devices, select devices that adhere to standards, keep a close eye on them, and make sure your network is secure.
#8: Secure APIs and Interfaces
It is essential to secure APIs and interfaces in accordance with best practices to stop unwanted access or modification of IoT devices. APIs selectively limit access to authorised users or programmes by implementing access controls in their interfaces.
API keys or tokens guarantee safe access, prevent man-in-the-middle attacks, and work well with this strategy.
#9: Privacy Protection
It is essential to collect and handle user data by data protection laws, such as the GDPR. When possible, anonymization or hiding information of data contributes to the protection of user privacy. The likelihood that sensitive information would be exposed during a data breach is reduced when personally identifiable information (PII) is removed from datasets or substituted with pseudonyms.
Furthermore, obtaining clear consent from users and upholding transparency about data usage promote trust and ensure compliance with privacy laws.
#10: Monitoring and Auditing Security Procedures
It is essential to collect and handle user data by data protection laws, such as the GDPR. When possible, anonymization or hiding information of data contributes to the protection of user privacy. The likelihood that sensitive information would be exposed during a data breach is reduced when personally identifiable information (PII) is removed from datasets or substituted with pseudonyms.
Furthermore, obtaining clear consent from users and upholding transparency about data usage promote trust and ensure compliance with privacy laws.
Top 7 Future Predictions in IoT Security
#1: AI-Driven Security Enhancements
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the Internet of Things (IoT) is set to revolutionise security measures. By leveraging AI algorithms, vast amounts of data generated by IoT devices can be analysed efficiently, enabling automated threat detection, predictive maintenance, and real-time anomaly identification.
Looking ahead, AI algorithms will be trained on massive datasets, allowing for deeper integration with IoT devices. This will lead to enhanced efficiency and stronger security measures for users.
#2: Real-Time Security with Edge Computing
The future of IoT security will increasingly rely on edge computing. By processing data closer to the source, edge devices can assess and respond to threats in real-time, reducing latency and accelerating response times.
#3: Strengthening Security with Blockchain
Blockchain technology offers a decentralised and immutable ledger that can significantly enhance IoT security. By ensuring data integrity, enabling secure transactions, and authenticating devices, blockchain can help prevent unauthorised access and maintain the authenticity of IoT data. The reliance on blockchain technology is expected to grow as a defence against cyberattacks.
#4: Adopting the Zero Trust Security Model
The zero-trust security model, which assumes that no user or device is inherently trustworthy, will gain traction in IoT security. Key elements of this approach include stringent access controls, continuous monitoring, and rigours verification of users and devices.
#5: Quantum-Resistant Security Algorithms
With the advent of quantum computing, traditional encryption methods may become vulnerable. Developing and implementing quantum-resistant security algorithms will be crucial to protecting IoT devices and data from potential quantum-based threats.
#6: Evolving Regulatory Standards and Compliance
The future of IoT security will be shaped by evolving regulatory standards and compliance requirements. Governments and organisations around the world are likely to introduce stricter regulations to safeguard the security and privacy of IoT deployments.
#7: Raising User Awareness and Education
Educating administrators and users about best practices for IoT security will remain essential. Through awareness programmes and training sessions, users can become more vigilant about potential security risks, the importance of strong passwords, and how to recognize threats.
Expect to see more initiatives from companies and governments aimed at enhancing IoT security through increased awareness and education.
Real-Time Examples of IoT Security Applications
Smart Home Automation
Enhancing Security in Smart Homes
Smart home automation systems allow homeowners to control various devices, such as lights, thermostats, and security cameras, through a central hub or smartphone app. While these systems offer unparalleled convenience, they also pose security risks. Hackers can exploit vulnerabilities in IoT devices to gain unauthorised access to a home network, potentially compromising sensitive information.
Real-Time Security Solutions
To counter these threats, IoT security applications are integrated into smart home systems. For example, real-time monitoring and alerts can notify homeowners of unusual activities, such as unauthorised access attempts. Additionally, advanced encryption protocols ensure that data transmitted between devices and the central hub is secure. Companies like Ring and Nest have implemented multi-factor authentication (MFA) and regular firmware updates to bolster the security of their smart home products.
Case Study: Securing Smart Locks
Smart locks are a popular component of smart home automation. They allow homeowners to lock and unlock doors remotely. However, these locks can be vulnerable to cyberattacks. A real-time example of IoT security in action is the integration of biometric authentication, such as fingerprint recognition, with smart locks. This adds an extra layer of security, ensuring that only authorised users can gain access to the home.
Smart Building Management
The Need for Security in Smart Buildings
Smart building management systems use IoT technology to control and monitor various building functions, including lighting, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), and security systems. These systems help reduce energy consumption, improve operational efficiency, and enhance the overall comfort of occupants. However, they also introduce security challenges, as unauthorised access to these systems can lead to significant disruptions.
Real-Time IoT Security in Action
To address these challenges, smart building management systems incorporate real-time IoT security applications. For example, access control systems can use IoT sensors and cameras to monitor and restrict entry to sensitive areas within the building. Additionally, cybersecurity measures, such as intrusion detection systems (IDS) and firewalls, protect the building’s network from potential cyberattacks.
Case Study: Cybersecurity in Smart HVAC Systems
A key component of smart building management is the HVAC system. These systems are increasingly being connected to the internet for remote monitoring and control. However, this connectivity makes them susceptible to cyber threats. A real-time example of IoT security is the use of machine learning algorithms to detect anomalies in HVAC system behavior. If an abnormal pattern is detected, the system can automatically shut down or alert building management to investigate the issue.
Smart Parking System
Security Concerns in Smart Parking
Smart parking systems leverage IoT technology to provide real-time information on parking availability, guide drivers to open spots, and facilitate cashless payments. While these systems improve the efficiency of parking management, they also present security risks. Unauthorised access to parking systems can lead to data breaches, financial loss, and even physical security threats.
Real-Time Security Measures
To mitigate these risks, IoT security applications are integrated into smart parking systems. For example, end-to-end encryption ensures that payment information is securely transmitted and stored. Additionally, real-time monitoring of parking facilities using IoT sensors and cameras can detect suspicious activities, such as unauthorised vehicle entry or tampering with parking metres.
Case Study: Secure Cashless Payments
One of the most significant advancements in smart parking systems is the ability to make cashless payments. However, this convenience also introduces the risk of payment fraud. A real-time example of IoT security is the implementation of tokenization in smart parking payment systems. Tokenization replaces sensitive payment information with a unique identifier (token) that cannot be used outside the specific transaction, thereby reducing the risk of data breaches.
Smart Asset Management
Protecting Assets with IoT
Smart asset management involves the use of IoT devices to track and monitor the location, condition, and status of physical assets, such as equipment, vehicles, and inventory. This technology provides real-time visibility and control over assets, reducing the risk of loss, theft, or damage. However, the connected nature of these systems also exposes them to security vulnerabilities.
Real-Time IoT Security Solutions
To safeguard assets, IoT security applications are integrated into asset management systems. For example, GPS tracking devices can be equipped with encryption to prevent unauthorised access to location data. Additionally, real-time alerts can notify asset managers of any deviations from predetermined routes or schedules, enabling quick responses to potential security threats.
Case Study: Securing Supply Chains
In the context of supply chain management, IoT devices are used to track shipments and monitor environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity, to ensure product quality. A real-time example of IoT security is the use of blockchain technology to create an immutable record of the entire supply chain process. This ensures that any tampering or unauthorised access to the shipment data is immediately detectable, providing an additional layer of security.
