The transport department's restrictions will take effect on June 16 but could be promulgated sooner if President Donald Trump decides to do so.
He said the Chinese government is violating an agreement between the two countries for international travel by preventing United Airlines and Delta Air Lines from resuming transoceanic flights. These airlines had asked to resume service on June 1.
United, Delta and American have suspended services in China due to the coronavirus pandemic. The United States government has also instituted travel restrictions to reduce the spread of the coronavirus.
The Ministry of Transport's order stated that "Chinese aviation authorities have not allowed US air carriers" to operate the routes they previously traveled.
"The ministry will continue to mobilize our Chinese counterparts so that US and Chinese carriers can fully exercise their bilateral rights," the ministry said in a statement. "In the meantime, we will allow Chinese carriers to operate the same number of scheduled passenger flights as the Chinese government authorizes ours."