History of Travel & Tourism

Travel was an important feature of trade from the beginning of civilization. The port at Lothal was an important center of trade between the Indus Valley Civilization and the Sumerian Civilization.

600 BC and after

The earliest form of leisure tourism can be traced long before the Babylonian and Egyptian kingdoms. A museum of historical antiques in Babylon was open to the public. The Egyptians organized many religious festivals, attracting devotees and many who went to the cities to see famous works of art and buildings.

In India, elsewhere, kings traveled to build empires. Brahmins and common people traveled for religious purposes. Thousands of Brahmins and common people greeted Sarnath and Shravasti with the enlightened one - Buddha's indomitable smile.

500 BC, Greek Civilization

Greek tourist healers traveled to the sites of the gods. The Greeks also enjoyed their religious festivals which rapidly became the pursuit of bliss, and in particular, sports. Athens is famous for popular attractions like Parthenon. These were established in major cities and ports to cater to the needs of passengers. The major entertainment offered was courtesy.

This era also saw the birth of travel writing. Herodotus was the world's first travel writer. Guidebooks also made their presence known in fourth-century cover sites such as Athens, Sparta, and Troy. Advertisements of the manner of signs directing people to the inn are also known in this period.

The Roman Empire

With no foreign border between England and Syria, and Roman patrols, conditions favored travel, with the sea safe from piracy. The staging of first-class roads together with the Sarai (ancestor of modern motels) promoted the development of travel. The Romans traveled to Sicily, Greece, Rhodes, Troy and Egypt. Traveling to the Holy Land also became very popular from 300 AD. Roman started his guidebooks (itinerary), listing hotels with symbols to identify quality.

The second house was built by the rich near Rome, occupied mainly during the social season of spring. The most fashionable resorts were found around the Bay of Naples. Naples attracted retirees and intellectuals, Kumae attracted the fashionable, while Bia attracted tourists from the lower market, becoming noted for his bravery, drunkenness and all night singing.

Until modern times, travel and tourism never got a similar status.

in the middle Ages

Traveling became difficult and dangerous as people traveled for business or a sense of obligation and duty.

Migrants sought fame and fortune through travel. The Europeans tried to search for a sea route to India for trade purposes and in this way discovered America and explored parts of Africa. Sportsmen and minors made their living while traveling. Missionaries, saints etc. traveled to spread the word holy.

The holiday tour in India was started by the Mughals. Mughal kings built magnificent palaces and attractive gardens at places of natural and natural beauty (Jahangir, for example, traveled to Kashmir attracted by its beauty.

Travel was a regular feature for empire building and pilgrimage.

The grand tour

From the beginning of the seventeenth century, a new form of tourism was developed as a direct result of the Renaissance. Under the rule of Elizabeth I, youths seeking positions in court were encouraged to travel to the continent to finish their education. Later, it became customary for a 'grand tour' with a tutor and the education of a gentleman lasting three or more years. Originally educational, Bliss in search of men traveled to Paris, Venice or Florence to enjoy life and culture. By the end of the eighteenth century, customs had become institutionalized in the Gentry. The educational journey gradually displaced the joyous journey. The arrival of Napoleon's Wars disrupted travel for nearly 30 years and the custom of the Grand Tour declined.

Spa development

In the seventeenth century in Britain, the popularity of spas grew and a little later in the European continent, awareness of the therapeutic properties of mineral water increased. Seek treatment The spa quickly acquired a status symbol. Changes in the characters became the inspiration for resorts' trips as Anand. They became an important center of social life for high society.

They were gradually replaced by seaside resorts in the nineteenth century.

Sun, sand and sea resorts

Sea water is associated with health benefits. The earliest audiences therefore drank it and did not bathe in it. In the early eighteenth century, small fishing resorts sprang up for visitors arriving in England, who drowned in sea water and drowned. With more crowds of inland spas, new sea-side resorts grew in popularity. The introduction of steamboat services in the 19th century led to the introduction of more resorts in the circuit. The coastline gradually became a social meeting point

Role of industrial revolution in promoting travel in the west

Rapid urbanization due to industrialization led to mass immigration to cities. These people were lured to go on a journey to escape their environment to places of natural beauty, often in rural areas they came from physically and psychologically stressful jobs to a change of routine.

Highlights of the journey in the nineteenth century

The advent of railways initially triggered commercial travel and later leisure travel. Gradually special trains were only hired to travel to their destinations.

Package tour organized by entrepreneurs like Thomas Cook.

European countries often travel a lot in their trading areas to buy raw materials and sell finished goods.

The invention of photography served as a status enhancing tool and promoted foreign travel.

· First hotel chains formed; Pioneered by railway companies that established great railway terminus hotels.

Seaside Resorts began developing different images for day-trippers, for the elite, for gambling.

Other types of destinations - ski resorts, hill stations, mountaineering spots etc.

Technological developments in steamships encouraged travel between North America and Europe.

· Suez Canal opened direct sea routes to India and the Far East.

The Cult of Guidebook followed the development of photography.

Twentieth century tourism

The First World War gave countries first-hand experience and for the first time created a sense of curiosity about international travel between the less well-off region. Mass migration to the US meant traveling a lot across the Atlantic. Private motoring began to encourage domestic travel in Europe and the West. The seaside resort became an annual family holiday destination in Britain and increased in popularity in other countries of the West. Hotels are active in these destinations.

Birth of air travel and beyond

The wars increased interest in international travel. This interest was largely shaped by tourism by the aviation industry. The surplus of aircraft and the development of private airlines fueled the expansion of air travel. The aircraft became comfortable, fast and consistently cheaper for foreign travel. With the introduction of the Boeing 707 jet in 1958, the air travel age for the public came. The introduction of chartered flights gave a boost to the package tour market and led to the establishment of organized mass tourism. The Boeing 747, a 400-seat craft, brought the cost of travel down sharply. Seaside resorts in the Mediterranean, North Africa and the Caribbean were the earliest hot spots for mass tourism.

This growth in the hotel industry led to the establishment of world-wide chains. In the 70s, tourism also began to diversify as people arrived for alternative destinations. Nepal and India gained a group of tourists wooed by the Hare Krishna movement and parlokic meditation. A significant amount of personal travel only began in the 80s. Air travel also led to a continuous increase in business travel, especially with the rise of multinationals.